erlang

Digit cancelling fractions

The fraction 49/98 is a curious fraction, as an inexperienced mathematician in attempting to simplify it may incorrectly believe that 49/98 = 4/8, which is correct, is obtained by cancelling the 9s.

We shall consider fractions like, 30/50 = 3/5, to be trivial examples.

There are exactly four non-trivial examples of this type of fraction, less than one in value, and containing two digits in the numerator and denominator.

If the product of these four fractions is given in its lowest common terms, find the value of the denominator.

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Pandigital products

We shall say that an n-digit number is pandigital if it makes use of all the digits 1 to n exactly once; for example, the 5-digit number, 15234, is 1 through 5 pandigital.

The product 7254 is unusual, as the identity, 39 × 186 = 7254, containing multiplicand, multiplier, and product is 1 through 9 pandigital.

Find the sum of all products whose multiplicand/multiplier/product identity can be written as a 1 through 9 pandigital.

HINT: Some products can be obtained in more than one way so be sure to only include it once in your sum.

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Coin sums

In England the currency is made up of pound, £, and pence, p, and there are eight coins in general circulation:

        1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1 (100p) and £2 (200p).

It is possible to make £2 in the following way:

        1×£1 + 1×50p + 2×20p + 1×5p + 1×2p + 3×1p

How many different ways can £2 be made using any number of coins?

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Digit fifth powers.

Surprisingly there are only three numbers that can be written as the sum of fourth powers of their digits:

            1634 = 1^4 + 6^4 + 3^4 + 4^4
            8208 = 8^4 + 2^4 + 0^4 + 8^4
            9474 = 9^4 + 4^4 + 7^4 + 4^4

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Distinct powers.

Consider all integer combinations of a^b for 2 ≤ a ≤ 5 and 2 ≤ b ≤ 5:

2^2=4,  2^3=8,   2^4=16,  2^5=32
3^2=9,  3^3=27,  3^4=81,  3^5=243
4^2=16, 4^3=64,  4^4=256, 4^5=1024
5^2=25, 5^3=125, 5^4=625, 5^5=3125

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Number spiral diagonals.

Starting with the number 1 and moving to the right in a clockwise direction a 5 by 5 spiral is formed as follows:

     43 44 45 46 47 48 49
     42 21 22 23 24 25 26
     41 20  7  8  9 10 27
     40 19  6  1  2 11 28
     39 18  5  4  3 12 29
     38 17 16 15 14 13 30
     37 36 35 34 33 32 31

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